Linux build- (Beagle Bone Black)

BeagleBone Black
메타 데이터의 끝으로 건너뛰기
Robert Nelson님이 작성, 6월 05, 2020에 최종 변경메타 데이터의 시작으로 이동
This is a page about TI's Cortex-A8 based; BeagleBone Black.

Availability
Basic Requirements
ARM Cross Compiler: GCC
Bootloader: U-Boot
Linux Kernel
Mainline
TI BSP
Root File System
Debian 10
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS
Setup microSD card
Backup Bootloader
Install Kernel and Root File System
Copy Root File System
Set uname_r in /boot/uEnv.txt
Copy Kernel Image
Copy Kernel Device Tree Binaries
Copy Kernel Modules
File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)
Networking
Networking: Using a shared SD card with Multiple BeagleBone
Remove microSD/SD card
HDMI
eMMC
U-Boot Overlays
Comments
Availability
Boards:
BeagleBone Black at Digi-Key
BeagleBone Green at Digi-Key
Embest BeagleBone Black at Digi-Key
BeagleBone Black Wireless at Digi-Key
BeagleBone Green Wireless at Digi-Key

Power Supplies:
USB Micro for BeagleBone Green at Digi-Key

Cables:
(USB to serial adapter) TTL-232R-3V3 at Digi-Key
HDMI-A Male to HDMI-D Male (1.5M) at Digi-Key
HDMI-A Male to HDMI-D Male (1.5M) at Digi-Key
HDMI-A Male to HDMI-D Male (2M) at Digi-Key

Basic Requirements
Running a recent supported release of Debian, Fedora or Ubuntu on a x86 64bit based PC; without OS Virtualization Software.
Many of the listed commands assume /bin/bash as the default shell.
ARM Cross Compiler – Linaro: https://www.linaro.org
Linaro Toolchain Binaries: https://www.linaro.org/downloads/
Bootloader
Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader: http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
Source: https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot/
Linux Kernel
Linus's Mainline tree: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
ARM based rootfs
Debian: https://www.debian.org
Ubuntu: https://www.ubuntu.com
ARM Cross Compiler: GCC
This is a pre-built (64bit) version of GCC that runs on generic linux, sorry (32bit) x86 users, it's time to upgrade...
Download/Extract:

user@localhost:~$
wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/6.5-2018.12/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gcc-linaro-6.5.0-2018.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
tar xf gcc-linaro-6.5.0-2018.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
export CC=pwd/gcc-linaro-6.5.0-2018.12-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-
Test Cross Compiler:

user@localhost:~$
${CC}gcc --version
Test Output:
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (Linaro GCC 6.5-2018.12) 6.5.0
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Bootloader: U-Boot
Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader: http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
eewiki.net patch archive: https://github.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches
Download:

user@localhost:~$
git clone -b v2019.04 https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot --depth=1
cd u-boot/
Patches:

user@localhost:~/u-boot$
wget -c https://github.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches/raw/master/v2019.04/0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
wget -c https://github.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches/raw/master/v2019.04/0002-U-Boot-BeagleBone-Cape-Manager.patch

patch -p1 < 0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
patch -p1 < 0002-U-Boot-BeagleBone-Cape-Manager.patch
Configure and Build:

user@localhost:~/u-boot$
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_evm_defconfig
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}
Linux Kernel
This script will build the kernel, modules, device tree binaries and copy them to the deploy directory.

Mainline
Download:

~/
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel
cd bb-kernel/
For am33x-v4.14 (Longterm 4.14.x):

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.14 -b tmp
For am33x-rt-v4.14 (Longterm 4.14.x + Real-Time Linux):

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
git checkout origin/am33x-rt-v4.14 -b tmp
For am33x-v4.19 (Longterm 4.19.x):

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.19 -b tmp
For am33x-rt-v4.19 (Longterm 4.19.x + Real-Time Linux):

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
git checkout origin/am33x-rt-v4.19 -b tmp
For am33x-v5.4 (Longterm 5.4.x):

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
git checkout origin/am33x-v5.4 -b tmp
For am33x-rt-v5.4 (Longterm 5.4.x + Real-Time Linux):

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
git checkout origin/am33x-rt-v5.4 -b tmp
Build:

user@localhost:~/bb-kernel$
./build_kernel.sh
TI BSP
Download:

~/
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev/
For TI v4.14.x:

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.14.y -b tmp
For TI v4.14.x: Real-Time

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-rt-4.14.y -b tmp
For TI v4.19.x:

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.19.y -b tmp
For TI v4.19.x: Real-Time

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-rt-4.19.y -b tmp
For TI v5.4.x:

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-5.4.y -b tmp
For TI v5.4.x: Real-Time

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
git checkout origin/ti-linux-rt-5.4.y -b tmp
Build:

user@localhost:~/ti-linux-kernel-dev$
./build_kernel.sh
Root File System
Debian 10

debian

temppwd

root

root

Download:

user@localhost:~$
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/debian-10.4-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
Verify:

user@localhost:~$
sha256sum debian-10.4-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
sha256sum output:
cd598e42850cbef87602bf15ee343abfbf0d8c6ba81028c741672b5f24263534 debian-10.4-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
Extract:

user@localhost:~$
tar xf debian-10.4-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

ubuntu

temppwd

Download:

user@localhost:~$
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/ubuntu-20.04-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
Verify:

user@localhost:~$
sha256sum ubuntu-20.04-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
sha256sum output:
de0177ac9259fdbcc626ee239f4258b64070c0921dbc38c45fab6925a5becaa1 ubuntu-20.04-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
Extract:

user@localhost:~$
tar xf ubuntu-20.04-minimal-armhf-2020-05-10.tar.xz
Setup microSD card
We need to access the External Drive to be utilized by the target device. Run lsblk to help figure out what linux device has been reserved for your External Drive.

Example: for DISK=/dev/sdX
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
└─sda2 8:2 0 465.3G 0 part / <- Development Machine Root Partition
sdb 8:16 1 962M 0 disk <- microSD/USB Storage Device
└─sdb1 8:17 1 961M 0 part <- microSD/USB Storage Partition
Thus you would use:
export DISK=/dev/sdb
Example: for DISK=/dev/mmcblkX
lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 465.8G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /boot/efi
└─sda2 8:2 0 465.3G 0 part / <- Development Machine Root Partition
mmcblk0 179:0 0 962M 0 disk <- microSD/USB Storage Device
└─mmcblk0p1 179:1 0 961M 0 part <- microSD/USB Storage Partition
Thus you would use:
export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
Erase partition table/labels on microSD card:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1M count=10
Install Bootloader:

user@localhost:~$
sudo dd if=./u-boot/MLO of=${DISK} count=1 seek=1 bs=128k
sudo dd if=./u-boot/u-boot.img of=${DISK} count=2 seek=1 bs=384k
Create Partition Layout:
With util-linux v2.26, sfdisk was rewritten and is now based on libfdisk.

Check the version of sfdisk installed on your pc
sudo sfdisk --version
Example Output
sfdisk from util-linux 2.27.1
sfdisk >= 2.26.x
sudo sfdisk ${DISK} <<-EOF
4M,,L,*
EOF
sfdisk <= 2.25.x
sudo sfdisk --unit M ${DISK} <<-EOF
4,,L,*
EOF
Format Partition:
With mkfs.ext4 1.43, we need to make sure metadata_csum and 64bit ext4 features are disabled.
As the version of U-Boot needed for this target CAN NOT correctly handle reading files with these newer ext4 options.

mkfs.ext4 -V
sudo mkfs.ext4 -V
mke2fs 1.43-WIP (15-Mar-2016)
Using EXT2FS Library version 1.43-WIP
mkfs.ext4 >= 1.43
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs -O ^metadata_csum,^64bit ${DISK}p1

for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs -O ^metadata_csum,^64bit ${DISK}1
mkfs.ext4 <= 1.42
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblkX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs ${DISK}p1

for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs ${DISK}1
Mount Partition:
On most systems these partitions may be auto-mounted...

sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/

for: DISK=/dev/mmcblkX
sudo mount ${DISK}p1 /media/rootfs/

for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mount ${DISK}1 /media/rootfs/
Backup Bootloader
This version of MLO/u-boot.img will be used on the "eMMC" flasher script on this page.

~/
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/opt/backup/uboot/
sudo cp -v ./u-boot/MLO /media/rootfs/opt/backup/uboot/
sudo cp -v ./u-boot/u-boot.img /media/rootfs/opt/backup/uboot/
Install Kernel and Root File System
To help new users, since the kernel version can change on a daily basis. The kernel building scripts listed on this page will now give you a hint of what kernel version was built.

---

Script Complete
eewiki.net: [user@localhost:~$ export kernel_version=5.X.Y-Z]

---

Copy and paste that "export kernel_version=5.X.Y-Z" exactly as shown in your own build/desktop environment and hit enter to create an environment variable to be used later.

export kernel_version=5.X.Y-Z
Copy Root File System
user@localhost:$
sudo tar xfvp ./---armhf-/armhf-rootfs-*.tar -C /media/rootfs/
sync
sudo chown root:root /media/rootfs/
sudo chmod 755 /media/rootfs/
Set uname_r in /boot/uEnv.txt
user@localhost:$
sudo sh -c "echo 'uname_r=${kernel_version}' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"
Copy Kernel Image
Kernel Image:

user@localhost:$
sudo cp -v ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}.zImage /media/rootfs/boot/vmlinuz-${kernel_version}
Copy Kernel Device Tree Binaries
user@localhost:$
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/
sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/
Copy Kernel Modules
user@localhost:$
sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/
File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)
user@localhost:/$
sudo sh -c "echo '/dev/mmcblk0p1 / auto errors=remount-ro 0 1' >> /media/rootfs/etc/fstab"
Networking
Edit: /etc/network/interfaces

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces
Add:

/etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp
Networking: Using a shared SD card with Multiple BeagleBone
To always enable the Ethernet interface as eth0.
Edit: /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
Add:

/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

BeagleBone: net device ()

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth", NAME="eth0"
Remove microSD/SD card
sync
sudo umount /media/rootfs
HDMI
This sections assumes you have already installed your favorite xorg based window manager, such as lxde, xfce, kde, gnome, etc... These are packages that need to be installed on top of your selected windows manager and an xorg.conf needed to correctly setup the video interface.
Note: If the cursor doesn't show up right away, first hit: ctlr-alt-f1 then: ctrl-alt-f7 after which it 'should' show up...
Make sure to install, fbdev driver and xrandr utilities:

sudo apt update
sudo apt install read-edid xserver-xorg-video-fbdev x11-xserver-utils
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
Section "Monitor"
Identifier "Builtin Default Monitor"
EndSection
Section "Device"
Identifier "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
Driver "fbdev"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
Identifier "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0"
Device "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
Monitor "Builtin Default Monitor"
EndSection
Section "ServerLayout"
Identifier "Builtin Default Layout"
Screen "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0"
EndSection
xrandr:

xrandr
xrandr --output HDMI-0 --mode 1024x768 --rate 60
xrandr (over serial/ssh)

xrandr -display :0.0 -q
xrandr -display :0.0 --output HDMI-0 --mode 1024x768 --rate 60
eMMC
Script to copy your microSD card to eMMC: (this will need these packages installed: initramfs-tools dosfstools rsync)

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/master/tools/eMMC/bbb-eMMC-flasher-eewiki-ext4.sh
chmod +x bbb-eMMC-flasher-eewiki-ext4.sh
sudo /bin/bash ./bbb-eMMC-flasher-eewiki-ext4.sh
U-Boot Overlays
Full Documentation: readme
Any issues:

Any issues run:
sudo /opt/scripts/tools/version.sh
Enable:

/boot/uEnv.txt
enable_uboot_overlays=1
To Disable: eMMC:

/boot/uEnv.txt
disable_uboot_overlay_emmc=1
To Disable: HDMI VIDEO & AUDIO:

/boot/uEnv.txt
disable_uboot_overlay_video=1
To Disable: HDMI AUDIO:

/boot/uEnv.txt
disable_uboot_overlay_audio=1
To Disable: WL1835:

/boot/uEnv.txt
disable_uboot_overlay_wireless=1
To Disable: BB-ADC:

/boot/uEnv.txt
disable_uboot_overlay_adc=1
U-Boot: override detected capes

/boot/uEnv.txt
uboot_overlay_addr0=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
uboot_overlay_addr1=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
uboot_overlay_addr2=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
uboot_overlay_addr3=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
U-Boot: disable auto-loading of detected capes

/boot/uEnv.txt
disable_uboot_overlay_addr0=1
disable_uboot_overlay_addr1=1
disable_uboot_overlay_addr2=1
disable_uboot_overlay_addr3=1
U-Boot: load 4 more un-detected capes

/boot/uEnv.txt
uboot_overlay_addr4=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
uboot_overlay_addr5=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
uboot_overlay_addr6=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
uboot_overlay_addr7=/lib/firmware/.dtbo
U-Boot: PRU Options (v4.14.x-ti)

/boot/uEnv.txt
uboot_overlay_pru=/lib/firmware/AM335X-PRU-RPROC-4-14-TI-00A0.dtbo
U-Boot: PRU Options (v4.19.x-ti)

/boot/uEnv.txt
uboot_overlay_pru=/lib/firmware/AM335X-PRU-RPROC-4-19-TI-00A0.dtbo
U-Boot: PRU Options

/boot/uEnv.txt
uboot_overlay_pru=/lib/firmware/AM335X-PRU-UIO-00A0.dtbo
U-Boot: Cape Universal

/boot/uEnv.txt
enable_uboot_cape_universal=1
Comments
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